Dance Injury Prevention in Breaking

 

I’m so pleased to be able to bring you an article on a topic we don’t hear too much about in the dance medicine world – Breaking – or “Breakdancing” as it is often referred to in the media – and how it affects the dancer. Nefeli Tsiouti Is a young IADMS (International Association for Dance Medicine and Science) member from Cyprus, who has brought the art form forward, bringing knowledge and understanding to the injuries suffered in this field. She graduated from Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance (London) with her Master’s in Dance Science less than 3 years ago, and already has done much to further her passion about Breaking and concern about the dancers’ wellbeing. She is the founder and Director of Project Breakalign, drawing attention to this topic worldwide. She is also a researcher for the Cyprus Musculoskeletal and Sports Trauma Research Center, and is currently pursuing her Physiotherapy degree at European University, Cyprus. Nefefi won the Sports Therapist of the Year award from the  international Federation of Holistic Therapists. She has an impressive resume already, and we will be hearing much more from her in the future. Please pass this on to all of your dancers / teaching colleagues, but especially those who work in this particular dance form.

– Jan Dunn, MS, Dance Wellness Editor

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by Nefeli Tsiouti, MA, MSc

I will not stop writing articles until I can get all hip-hop dancers away from injury!

Psychologists say that if you have experienced a situation yourself, you are more equipped to relate better and help others who will go through similar situations. So here I am, after overcoming severe chronic injuries, some of which have not yet decided to fully go away, and some surgical experiences, I have decided to dedicate my life to helping others prevent injuries.

Dance gave me wings, as it does to everyone. But one day, when I met ‘Breaking’ (or Breakdance as known by the media), I was amazed! A very intriguing, social, upside-down, flipping around, creative dance style that offers creativity beyond the roof. It is literally one of the most uplifting and open-to-options dance forms that one can get involved with.

However, as positively unique as Breaking may be, because of the extreme physicality that is required to be able to perform it, if it is not taught progressively, and without the appropriate body conditioning, it may cause injuries to the body.

A big part of the mentality of a Bboy/Bgirl (Break-boy /Break-girl, the male or female who dances to the ‘break’ of a song – otherwise known as Breaker / breakdancer) is the constant fight to achieve. Bboys and bgirls set very high goals when practising their art form, and with that also comes managing an injury and dancing through it. They prefer to dance with an injury and keep developing, than to stop practising in order to rest and heal–and then return to dance.

This preference to continue while injured, was one of the answers dancers gave on the 1^st global Breaking survey I conducted with Dr. Matt Wyon (University of Wolverhampton – UK), on injury occurrence in Breaking. They stated that it was preferable to ‘continue dancing with the injury, but carefully’. From my perspective, this hunger and drive to become better than yourself every single day, and to always develop, is one of the most beautiful and rewarding elements of Breaking. The hard work that Breakers put in their craft, and the reward they feel when achieving their goal, when winning the battle, when completing their move, when spinning on that head, when landing properly on that elbow – all the crazy things that once looked supernatural, become systematic in their practice.

Generally, in Breaking the most common injuries occur on the upper body. The axis of the body is very often vertical in Breaking, therefore the impact on the joints and the demands for the upper body to generate the movement, is very high – but also unnatural, in terms of principles of functional movement as well as ‘typical’ ways of moving. A study that we conducted at the Institute of Sport, Exercise & Health at UCL (2015), showed that not only does fatigue have a significant negative impact on the stability of specific foundational breaking movements, but it can also reduce the force which breakers use to get into certain movements. This finding suggests that fatigue may lead to injuries – in relation to pressure and weight distribution. However, the more fit and in better condition the breaker is, the less likely it is that they will get injured ^[1].

It is essential to not put obstacles into this positive community of people who have built great skills out of nothing. In 2013, when I realised how broken I had become from dancing (18 years of dancing at the time), I decided to act on it and contribute to the hip-hop culture in a way that others hadn’t had the chance to do at that point.

Therefore, in 2013 I started a research project on the prevention of injuries in the breaking field – Project Breakalign. What we have concluded is that there is something missing for the breakers, and generally for many dancers in other forms as well. That missing ingredient is a tool…..A tool for dancers to educate themselves and embody in their body – i.e, the necessary information for prevention of injuries. My research team of 15 international researchers/dancers, and myself, conducted a 1.5 year-long project where we created the Breakalign Method. This is a conditioning program, based on the analysis of the biomechanical (meaning the mechanics of movement) and physiological demands of Breaking. More information on the Method and the project can be found at: www.projectbreakalign.com . The creation of the methodology was funded by the Centre National de la Danse, in France.

But, a moment of honesty is necessary here. Preventing injury in such a physical group of dancers may be done up to a certain point. From that point onwards, as dance scientists and researchers of the genre, we can reduce the risk of injury by implementing certain principles in the practice of Breaking – but the risk will always be there, depending on the spontaneity of the dancer, their fitness level, the flooring, their shoes, and many more elements…..that I could talk about for hours!

So this concludes this first introduction to Break Dancers and Dance Medicine / Wellness –stay tuned for #2 article, coming soon on 4dancers.org.

References: ^[1] Tsiouti, N., Constantinou T., Philip, K., Sanchez, E., Paton, B. (2016). Evaluating the relationship between fatigue, pressure and weight distribution on the upper limb in breakers. Revista Movimenta. 9(4): 659-664. (http://www.revista.ueg.br/index.php/movimenta/article/view/5622/3840)

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